Semi-automatic image analysis methodology for the segmentation of bubbles and drops in complex dispersions occurring in bioreactors

Characterization of multiphase systems occurring in fermentation processes is a time-consuming and tedious process when manual methods are used. This work describes a new semi-automatic methodology for the on-line assessment of diameters of oil drops and air bubbles occurring in a complex simulated fermentation broth. High-quality digital images were obtained from the interior of a mechanically stirred tank. These images were pre-processed to find segments of edges belonging to the objects of interest. The contours of air bubbles and oil drops were then reconstructed using an improved Hough transform algorithm which was tested in two, three and four-phase simulated fermentation model systems. The results were compared against those obtained manually by a trained observer, showing no significant statistical differences. The method was able to reduce the total processing time for the measurements of bubbles and drops in different systems by 21–50% and the manual intervention time for the segmentation procedure by 80–100%.     

爆炸焊接与相图

在爆炸焊接的过程中,结合区一薄层基体金属,在高温下将发生熔化、熔解或化合。大量的检验结果表明,这种熔体内的化学和物理组成,与对应组元的一般相图内的物理和化学组成相似。这种相似性便为相图在爆炸焊接中的如下应用打下了基础:可以根据相图来估计对应的复合材料中的熔体的组成,估计金属材料之间的爆炸焊接性,估计它们的结合强度,估计后续热加工或热处理对结合性能的影响,从而为爆炸焊接工艺参数和热加工及热处理工艺参数的制订提供理论依据。     

聚变等离子体理想动力系统的非线性热不稳定性

本文讨论氖氖聚变等离子体理想动力系统的非线性热不稳定性问题，这个系统与外界有物质与能量交换。采用几何上零维近似的演化方程。对自治系统，讨论了在各种不同粒子约束定律和能量约束定律下的非线性热不稳定性问题，给出稳定性判据。研究了自治系统不稳定解的非线性演化。     

激光捷联惯导系统/地形辅助导航系统中卡尔曼/粒子组合滤波算法设计及仿真

粒子滤波技术是近几年出现的一种非线性滤波技术，它适用于非线性系统以及非高斯噪声模型。结合粒子滤波和卡尔曼滤波各自的优点，给出了一种卡尔曼／粒子组合滤波器，并将这种滤波器应用到激光捷联惯导（LSINS）／地形辅助导航（TAN）数据融合过程中，避免了地形复杂的线性化问题。仿真结果表明，系统的定位精度得到了明显提高。应用粒子滤波器及其改进算法解决了导航系统中存在的强非线性问题。     

Systematic analysis of fusion barrier heights and positions for proton projectiles using the single folding model

The nuclear potentials between protons and different target nuclei are calculated by using the single folding model with the density-dependent nucleon-nucleon interaction.The fusion barrier heights and positions for proton projectiles fusing with different target nuclei with masses from 51 amu to 139 amu are systematically shown,with charge numbers and root-mean-square radii of the interacting nuclei.The parameterized formulas for the fusion barrier height and position are obtained for proton projectile fusing with the different nuclei.The calculated results of parameterized formulas are compared to empirical values,as well as those of the proximity potential and AkyüzWinther(AW) potential.It is shown that the calculated results agree perfectly with theirs.The parameterized formulas can reproduce the exact barrier heights and positions for proton fusion systems.     

Validation of optimal DCE-MRI perfusion threshold to classify at-risk tumor imaging voxels in heterogeneous cervical cancer for outcome prediction

Purpose

To classify tumor imaging voxels at-risk for treatment failure within the heterogeneous cervical cancer using DCE MRI and determine optimal voxel's DCE threshold values at different treatment time points for early prediction of treatment failure.

Material and Method

DCE-MRI from 102 patients with stage IB2–IVB cervical cancer was obtained at 3 different treatment time points: before (MRI 1) and during treatment (MRI 2 at 2–2.5 weeks and MRI 3 at 4–5 weeks). For each tumor voxel, the plateau signal intensity (SI) was derived from its time-SI curve from the DCE MRI. The optimal SI thresholds to classify the at-risk tumor voxels was determined by the maximal area under the curve using ROC analysis when varies SI value from 1.0 to 3.0 and correlates with treatment outcome.

Results

The optimal SI thresholds for MRI 1, 2 and 3 were 2.2, 2.2 and 2.1 for significant differentiation between local recurrence/control, respectively, and 1.8, 2.1 and 2.2 for death/survival, respectively.

Conclusion

Optimal SI thresholds are clinically validated to quantify at-risk tumor voxels which vary with time. A single universal threshold (SI = 1.9) was identified for all 3 treatment time points and remained significant for the early prediction of treatment failure.     

编码孔径成像光谱仪光学放大率误差影响分析

编码孔径光谱成像技术是近年来发展起来的一种新型光谱成像技术,在一次像面采用特定的编码模板对目标进行编码,结合特殊的采样成像方式,获得满足景物重构的采样数据量,实现了空间信息和光谱信息的高精度重构,具有高光通量、高信噪比等优势。该技术在实现过程中,通常要求一次像面与最终探测器像面间满足既定的尺寸比例,但在实际的光学系统加工和装调过程中,由于加工和装调误差的存在,使得光学放大率与设计值间存在偏差,从而降低了编码图谱的采样精度,导致最终重构图谱质量降低。通过仿真不同光学放大率下编码模板的可逆范围及重构图像质量的分析,给出了图像质量与系统光学放大率之间的曲线关系,为编码孔径光谱成像仪的设计和研制提供了参考依据。     

Impacts of appearance parameters on perceived image quality for mobile-phone displays

In order to investigate the perceived image quality (IQ) influenced by different image appearance parameters, a psychophysical experiment was carried out on two mobile-phone displays of different technologies, the in-plane switching (IPS) and the active matrix organic light emitting diode (AMOLED). The test images were generated within a wide range of variations by applying various manipulation methods, involving changes in several kinds of image appearance parameters, i.e. lightness, chroma, hue, and spatial frequency. The perceived attributes of naturalness, colourfulness, brightness, contrast, sharpness, clearness, preference, and overall IQ were visually assessed via categorical judgement method for several application types of test images. The impacts of the manipulation methods on individual attributes have been deeply discussed based on the interrelationships of these attributes, which reveal that the significant parameters towards better overall IQ for mobile-phone displays include high lightness, suitable chroma and lightness frequency distribution, and impartial hue, accordingly better image quality will be accomplished after all these parameters have been optimised at the same time. The achievements of this study would provide constructive instructions on achieving excellent display effects for researchers and manufactories of mobile-phone displays.     

Hyperspectral image fusion by multiplication of spectral constraint and NMF

Hyperspectral remote sensing has been used in many fields, such as agriculture, military detection and mineral exploration. Hyperspectral image (HSI), despite its high spectral resolution, has lower spatial resolution than panchromatic image (PI). Therefore, it is useful yet still challenging to effectively fuse HSI and PI to obtain images with both high spectral resolution and high spatial resolution. To solve the problem, a new HSI fusion method based on multiplication of spectral constraint and non-negative matrix factorization is proposed in the paper. In the model, the HSI is first decomposed into basis (abundance matrix) and weight (spectral matrix), then the details of HSI are sharpened by enhancing the details of the abundance with PI. Meanwhile, a spectral constraint term is proposed. It is used to specifically preserve the spectral information in the model. Therefore, the fused data is characterized by good spatial and spectral information. Finally, experiments with both simulated and real data are implemented and the results show that the proposed method performs better in both visual analysis and objective indices than conventional methods, thus making it a good choice for HSI fusion.     

Attack on double-random-phase-encoding-based image hiding method

The double-random phase-encoding (DRPE) technique is a typical optical image encryption technique, which can also be used for image hiding. Usually, the secret image is encrypted with the DRPE technique and the encoded image is hidden into the host image via superimposition to obtain the stego-image. The attack technique on the DRPE-based image hiding method was proposed in this paper. Firstly, a randomly selected superimposition coefficient was used to approximate the original superimposition coefficient to extract the hidden encoded images from the stego-images approximately. Then, the chosen-plaintext attack technique on the DRPE-based optical image encryption technique was applied to recover the random phase masks used in the DRPE technique. The theoretical analysis indicated that, without considering the computational error, the recovered secret image via the proposed attack technique is identical to the original one. Even considering the computational error, it is identical to the secret image recovered with the original DRPE-based image hiding method, which demonstrates that the attack on the DRPE-based image hiding method is successfully achieved. The numerical simulation results demonstrated the correctness of the theoretical analysis.